Tools to measure the effectiveness of social media

What tools are there to measure the effectiveness of a social media campaign? Which, in your opinion, are the best and why? These are five tools to measure our social media marketing effectiveness: Page Rank Checker Using a quick online form, this site enables us to instantly check our websites current Google page rank from O to 10. Our site's page rank is determined by a Google algorithm analyzing various elements of our website, and then comparing them to competitor sites. Hoot Suite Hoot Suite is probably best known for its social media communications dashboard LOL, but it also offers a suite of analytical applications as well.With Hoot Suite, we can track brand mentions, analyze our social media traffic, and track the growth of our followers. Google Analytics and Backbone Insights can also be integrated into our Hoot Suite account, making the service even more valuable. Clout Another social media analytics tool, Clout provides a measurement of our influences across social network s. The guts of Clout is the Clout score which takes into account our network size, content, and how people interact with our online content. Clout cores range from O to 100, with 20 being the average.Google Analytics One of the most widely used web analytics application, Google Analytics is as robust as it is popular. Analytical tools include advertising ROI, e-commerce tracking, social network application tracking useful to analyze both website traffic, but also marketing effectiveness. A particularly useful feature is website referral traffic, which tells us where visitors came from before they visited our site. Backbone Insights Similar to Google Analytics, but for Backbone. Backbone Insights enables us to reawaken our â€Å"likes† by demographics and other attributes.It includes a plethora of handy statistics, like page views, performance of posts, inscribes information, and more. Backbone page administrators can access Backbone Insights on the left hand side bar. In my o pinion we need all tools to be able to have a clear picture of all our social media marketing success but we may chose page rank checker to see where we are comparing to our competitors.

Health Care Communication Methods Essay

As the Communication Coordinator for this well known drug manufacturer, we will now debate and discus how we will get information to the public about the negative effects that our medications are causing the public. Our goal, as a vital asset to the public and medical community, is to convey all concerns to our community in a very sensitive and careful way. Using the power of newspapers, radio, internet, social networking and news related companies. The local news has already reported that a well-known public figure has been effected which goes against the health portability and accountability act. So as communication coordinator it is important to communicate this issue carefully, addressing the proper population, without losing business and the trust we created with our investors and consumers. Today in our meeting, we will discuss very important aspects of our company’s medical concerns and deciding which communication tactic is most suitable for this situation, while sticking to the very important and necessary HIPPAA guidelines. We will start by discussing the advantages and disadvantages of using traditional media, to get the news out to a significant number of the population. Recent reports of negative effects caused by one of the company’s medications need to be addressed. News reports have alleged that one of the individuals is a well-known public figure. Traditional media can include magazines, newspapers, radio and television. There are some great advantages on why these media outlets would be great in reaching our audience regarding this health scare. Two great methods are newspaper and magazines; they can help because we can be precise and explicit when discussing our issue. Additionally, these methods will provide use with a permanent record of the manufacturer attempt to reach the public (Advantages and disadvantages of written communication, 2012). Two other good methods are television and radio. These methods are beneficial because they are cost effective. It allows the communication coordinator to reach the audience directly, while showing attentiveness, emotion and oncern about the negative effects caused by our medication. All these tactics seem like they will work however there are disadvantages with sticking to traditional media outlets instead of using social media or electronic sites. Some main concerns the coordinator will have with using traditional media is that it can only reach a limited amount of people and the company is restricted to a small scope of listerners and readers. According to the national center for education statistcs the U. S. reads between the 8th and 9th grade reading levels. (NCES, 2003). The lack of education and the advancement of technology will minimize the effectiveness of radio, magazines and newspapers. The communication coordinator will continue talking about the different methods of communication. By discussing the advantages and disadvantages of using electronic media, to get information to the public without breaking any HIPAA laws. Some advantages of electronic communication, is that the media tends to be very fast, cost-effective and convenient. Electronic communication will let the coordinator combine numerous media; text graphics sound and video in a single message. This will also give the coordinator the chance to set up a website to give good credible information directly targeted to the population that is effected by the medication, with less chances of interfering with the laws set in place by the HIPPA act. This form of media can result in far more meaningful communication tailored to the population effected by the national drug manufacturer medication. Increasingly doctors are communicating with other practitioners, hospitals, clinics and patients via portable devices. However these attributes contains disadvantages. The technology that enables health care providers and the rest of the nation to keep in touch can also invade privacy. The main disadvantages of using electronic communication, is security. Computers can be hacked, and affected with computer virus. Communication electronically in this particular scenario can also make it difficult, for all affected to understand the message the same. The speed at which the messages are transmitted, often, changes the structure of the message which at times, can be misinterpreted. False or Phantom sites are also a concern. Some foes of this company or medical manufacturing companies may release false or exaggerated negative reports. This could cause the public to lose trust in our efforts to give valuable information and hinder patients to trust products. Electronic communication will lack the human touch. Now we will talk about the disadvantages and advantages of social media facebook, twitter, YouTube, and LinkedIn are social networking platforms that are set up and created by web developers. Public internet and social networks can enable communication, collaboration and information collection and sharing. The advantages of using social media are because, â€Å"About one-third of Americans who go online to research their health currently use social networks to find fellow patients and discuss their condition† (Elkin, 2008). As communication coordinator a social network can be used to reach out and receive feedback from the population, and bring awareness about the drug. Social network is where individuals have control on releasing their private information about the drug and the consumer will not be breaking any HIPAA laws. The disadvantages of using social media, is that all information may not always be credible. This method of communicating can also open up the possibility for hackers to commit fraud and launch virus attacks. Social networks increases risk of people falling prey to online scams. The hugest risk using social media such as facebook, YouTube or twitter, Is the inability to control the conversation. The effected population may say a lot of negative things about the company true or not that can damage its reputation. Improper descriptions or discussions of a patient’s case on social media could violate a patient’s privacy, even if no names are used and no harm is intended. As communication coordinator for the national drug manufacturer, in conclusion, all methods of communication have their advantages however the disadvantages outweigh the smartest of the decisions. Majority of the methods will affect the HIPAA law by releasing to much information about personal health. Traditional media, electronic communication and social media sites can be all used in moderation to reach out to the effected population. Traditional media such as newspaper and magazines should be very brief in the information it voices. This method will be used to have record of the company showing some sort of concern about news reporting negative effects of the drug. As the coordinator I feel the best form of communication will be provider and patient’s direct contact. It may be difficult to reach each individual affected however it will be the safest.

The Fiftieth Gate

The Fiftieth Gate, understanding the past is represented as a continual and dynamic process. Baker gives a holistic representation of his parent's experience of the Holocaust, demonstrating the complimentary relationship between history and memory. This notion is explored in the autobiographical book through the depiction of his parents', and his own past. The barcarole style of the text aids in portraying the interplay between history and memory, enabling a more cohesive representation of the lasting repercussions of the Holocaust.Due to the traumatic tauter of her past experiences, Genie finds historical accounts of the Holocaust confronting to reconcile with her own memories. This tension is depicted by Baker, when he confirms the date of an Action against the Jewish population in Genie's town, â€Å"It was Yon Kipper. You're right. The Action took place on 21 September 1942. † Baker's pursuit of historical accuracy compromises Genie's personal memories, as she feels that c ompared to her own ordeals, history is an insufficient means of understanding the past. She responds: â€Å"I'm right, he says. What an honor. What do you know about Actions?We were standing there like little lambs. Screams, crying. A massacre of weeping lambs,† here, the imagery of a lamb conveys the destruction of both an entire community and the destruction of Genie's childhood innocence. Baker struggles to unite the non-chronological and unreliable nature of memory with his own fastidious historical research, but gradually understands that the two complement each other to give a more open representation of the past. However, the tension between mother and son and hence, history and memory, is seen in the transcript of Baker's interview of his mother: â€Å"Pitch black.Pitch black, that's how I was for years†¦ What do you mean, do I remember? Stop interrogating me. Stop testing me. What, all these years you thought that because I wasn't in Auschwitz like your father I didn't suffer? † The use of transcripts is integral to the eclectic barcarole structure of the text, as the myriad of textual forms demonstrates the ongoing process of understanding the past. The tension between the two discourses is clearly seen, as Baker often finds his mother's memories impossible to vindicate, despite her vivid recollection of the suffering in her past.Genie feels that ere suffering is overlooked, as she has little historical and physical evidence to represent the effects of the Holocaust on herself. As a barcarole text, The Fiftieth Gate explores the dynamic process of understanding the past, and through the interaction between his mother and himself, he highlights the difficulty and importance of reconciling both history and memory. Baker's father, Yogis is often reluctant to delve into his own memories, and cannot fully reconcile his own past with the reality of the present.Rhetorical question conveys Yokel's inability to entirely accept the past, as he retains a child-like degree of optimism: â€Å"Maybe he's still alive. Could be, you know. Could be. Anything can happen. After the war I met people I thought were dead. Have you ever heard such a thing? † The transcript of Yokel's interviews expresses a direct connection to his personal memories. Whilst Yokel's resilience is an admirable quality, it can lead to an attitude of denial. Through Baker's process of interviewing his parents and ascertaining the history of their Holocaust experiences, the past is re-examined and represented in a more comprehensive manner.This transcript is contrasted with a conversation twine father and son, and displays the diverse barcarole style that is integral to the representation of Baker's parent's memories. Chapter 16 begins with a portrayal of the difficulty in confronting the historical details of Yokel's own past: â€Å"l can show you what your father wore when he arrived in Buchwald. ‘ My father seems angry at this latest dis covery. ‘Do you know when he went to the toilet? The color of the agates he wore under his pants? Maybe you can tell me when I last showered or what I did everyday in Auschwitz? However, the chapter ends with Yogis reluctantly expressing a desire to learn the clothes worn by his father. This expresses the ongoing nature of understanding the past, as the ordeals of one's past retain the potential to cause significant grief. This notion is present throughout the novel, and is particularly significant in Yokel's growth as the result of opening up to a more complete understanding of his own memories. Juxtaposition is used to highlight the mutual dependency of history and memory in the process of effectively comprehending the past. Whilst being interviewed, Yogis begins: â€Å"l was born in Wreaking.Baker's commentary follows: â€Å"Wreaking was born before him. In 1657, founded by Bishop Bogus Readdressed who obtained royal permission to colonies the woodlands along the Seminal River. † The direct and impersonal nature of historical discourse, although important, is directly contrasted with Yokel's memory, which is far easier to empathic with. However, we understand that the two complement each other to give a multi-faceted and progressive understanding of the human experiences of the Holocaust, which results in a certain degree of ‘closure'. Although Mark Barker was born after theHolocaust, the ramifications of the events have profoundly affected his own life, and the process of understanding the past is pertinent to Baker himself. Baker states, of himself and his brother , â€Å"†¦ L knew there was something more deliberate in the names chosen for us, an attempt to obliterate not only my parents' foreignness but the memories attached to it†¦ So I decided to put the past back into my name. I have chosen Raphael, the earliest ancestor I can find on our family tree. † The understanding of the past that has been enabled by learni ng of his parent's personal stories have enabled Baker to reconnect to his cultural heritage.This personal progression is integral to the semi-autobiographical nature of The Fiftieth Gate, and represents a significant level of personal growth that Baker has garnered through the discourses of history and memory. Throughout the text, it becomes apparent that Baker has been profoundly affected not only by his parent's experience of the Holocaust, but also by the suffering inflicted collectively on the Jewish population. This is apparent in the elements of ‘Midribs' – the oral and written exploration of biblical texts – that are inserted intermittently wrought the book.Baker briefly recounts the story of Rabbi Hanna Ben Iteration, who was killed by the Romans due to his faith, and subsequently martyred. Whilst being burned, Iteration is asked by his disciples what he sees. He responds, â€Å"The parchment is burning, but the letters are soaring high above me. † This is followed by a poem, â€Å"My parents remember: the fire/the parchment burning/the bodies buried/ letters soaring high, ‘turned to ashen dust. † This element of Midribs is representative of the barcarole style of the text, and conveys Jewish resilience that has lasted millennia.However, Baker subverts the optimism of the original text to convey the horrors experienced by all the victims of the Holocaust. It becomes apparent that this suffering, whilst not directly inflicted upon himself, resounds in the children of Holocaust survivors. The Fiftieth Gate explores the notion of understanding the past through the complimentary discourses of history and memory. Baker demonstrates the implications of this notion through the depiction of himself and his parents, Yogis and Genie. It becomes apparent that understanding the past is not a fixed process, and that it can at times cause tension.

Germen Cilivization --The Holocaust Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Germen Cilivization --The Holocaust - Essay Example The requirement of religious conversion compared to the compulsion that Turkish nationality was the only accepted guiding ideological principle prior to the Armenian Genocide (Haperen, Have and Kierman 48). However, failure of the Jews to convert to Christianity heightened hatred and fear that translated into what became known as racial anti-Semitism driven by unconfirmed biological theories. Based on Dalton (4) German National Socialism (Nazism) made anti-Semitism an integral part of them arguing that the history of humans was determined by biological struggle amongst populations of different racial backgrounds. Additionally, the Nazis proceeded to view the Jews as the driving force behind communism internationally. The Nazis also referred to the Jews as responsible for finance capital that drove the world to impoverishment and economic crisis. Jews to the Germans were a potential danger just like the United States had viewed the Germans, Japanese, and Italians. In reiteration, the Nazis stripped off from the Jews their rights, dispossessed their property, forced them to live in communities, and deported as well as mistreated them. For instance, failure to convert to Christianity led to the renunciation of rights and defense under the law. Consequently, the Jews were annihilated because of their cultural, social, religious, and ethnic attributes all in for the reason that they were the cause of Germans’ misfortunes, and that whether they converted to Christianity or were born in Germany, they remained Jews and not true Germans to be spared from the war (256-257). In order to define Germany as a pure racial community, Hitler introduced racial policy and foreign policy (Fulbrook 189-190) as described in the Mein Kampf book in 1924. Through the racial policy, Hitler established laws and policies for implementation of the Nazis and that regarded the Aryan race or master race as the

County analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

County analysis - Essay Example In carrying out business with parties from elevated power distance countries, the managers used or should have title at least on the same level as those they are negotiating with. On the other hand, cultures that have low power distance should have the inequalities reduced. Japan is ranked at 54 while the United States of America is ranked at 45. According to Hofstede, countries with low uncertainty avoidance index score have innovative approaches and risk investment tendencies. This are attributes found in entrepreneurs. Uncertainty avoidance is the reality that vagueness about the prospects of the future is a basic fact of human life with which we try to cope through the domain of technology, law and religion. Uncertainty avoidance is also the extent to which individuals feel endangered by situations. This leads to people creating institutions that deal with these. Hofstede used stress, employment stability and rule orientation to identify. Countries are then ranked as low or high concerning uncertainty avoidance. Squat uncertainty avoidance means that, there is a strong willingness to take a risk. On the other hand, high uncertainty implies a lower willingness to take risk. Hofstedes notes that, in societies where there is high uncertain avoidance, there tends to be a generational gap amid the old and the young. High unce rtain avoidance cultures are concerned with rituals and traditions and often follow exceedingly complex rules and regulations. Individualism refers to preference of closed surrounding environment, in which it is understood that, one must mind for themselves and their close relations as opposed to the entire cluster in which one is an associate. Individualism can be referred to as an appraisal of the emotional dependence and autonomy of a person. The culture of a country is scored high in this sense if there are favourable responses to items such as , having a satisfying job which leaves you with enough time for yourself and the family. In

What was is it Like to Participate in Civil War Essay

What was is it Like to Participate in Civil War - Essay Example What was is it Like to Participate in Civil War Slavery was not only the cause of the spark of combat, but also extended its roots into the soldier’s camps when the war began. For instance, black soldiers participated in the war at a significant threat to their lives especially from the confederate government who threatened to execute summarily or sell them to slavery. Some of the black union soldiers were captured and severely humiliated. One black soldier Aerambo Boyart in a letter to his wife reveals the harsh realities of the war as union armed forces attempted to triumph over Charleston. In the letter Boyart writes, â€Å"It is with great pleasure that I send a few lines to alert you that I am in the land of living and in the midst of death in every form and shape†. Participation in the civil required some sense of discipline, it is the universal aspect of nobility in the brigade or army to full execute the mission. Both units maintained a relatively standard discipline in obeying the orders of the camp commanders despite little different expression of opinions during the war period. For instance, when President Lincoln responded to attacks on fort Sumter and called 75000 militia volunteers. One individual Robert Lee of Virginia opposed the decision and even resigned; as a result. Another area where discipline is exhibit is on the slave’s role in the liberation. The slaves in confederacy deserted the plantations and fled to union lines. There also were few insurrections during the war as slave style began to disentangle.

Why were people opposed to the war Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Why were people opposed to the war - Essay Example orld War I because it brought a bitter experience to the civilians who were harshly treated, bullied, deprived of basic needs and rights, and imprisoned in inhumane conditions. This war would also act as an opportunity for countries like Germany to revenge and upset the status quo. According Susan R Grayzel, World War 1 brought loss of many innocent lives especially children and women. The war also disrupted learning program in schools as children were also involved in the war effort. Their zeal was fostered by schools that introduced a variety of activities to aid the men at war. In most schools, lessons were substituted with patriotic holidays to raise money that could be spent on activities such as welcoming back soldiers home and celebrating the triumph (Grayzel, p.48).. This also introduced children to odd jobs such as digging gardens and cleaning chimneys in order to raise funds. For example, Victorian state schools raised  £422 470 during the war. Many nations for instance American were opposed the war and wanted to remain neutral. This was so due to the anticipated negative consequences of the war for the US in case they decided to get involved in. The need to remain neutral was crucial because the American population included citizens of countries engaged in the war. The France-Americans would want success for France while British-Americans and German-Americans would hope the same for their nations. The other part of the people opposed the war since it would increase tensions all over American society, leading to an outbreak of bloodshed on American soil by the American citizens themselves. In some cases, the Germans forced families to leave which caused more pain to the victims (Grayzel, p.108). Men and women who participated in the WW1 endured some of the cruelest forms of conflict ever known. They were sent to fight far away from home for months or even years, and underwent a chain of horrible physical and disturbing experiences (Grayzel, p.48). The

Understanding positive environment for student learning and Research Paper

Understanding positive environment for student learning and professional collaboration - Research Paper Example ls’ management towards creation of a positive environment but also helped in understanding the relationship between good instruction, assessment, and collaboration. The interviews with administrators, teachers, and parents helped in understanding the vision and concerns of these stakeholders regarding positive environments. At the end of the project, a walkthrough was also conducted the purpose of which was to get an insight into the importance of positive environment and collaboration for students and teachers respectively. In educational sector, the most important thing that matters for all stakeholders is a positive learning environment. The reason is that positive environment promotes enhanced learning and collaboration for students and teachers respectively. A positive learning environment is not restricted to any particular stakeholder, rather includes all stakeholders who have a specific role to play in improving instruction, collaboration, and assessment areas. Students need a positive environment to show improved performances not only in classrooms but also in the play grounds. Similarly, teachers need a positive environment where they can provide education to learners in interactive way using latest educational technologies and equipment. Along with students and teachers, the role of parents cannot be ignored by any means because parents are highly concerned about the environment in which they send their children to learn. Parents are one of the main stakeholders of any educational institute b ecause they are directly concerned with the schools performances of their children. Therefore, the role of teachers, students, and parents is equally important in moving towards the cause of creating a positive learning and collaboration environment at schools. A positive learning environment has some key characteristics that make it an essential element in the success of an educational institute. For example, a positive learning environment is one that reflects

Critically discuss the leadership and change management theories Essay

Critically discuss the leadership and change management theories within the case study - Essay Example Biogen Idec is a global biotechnology company that has transformed greatly in the past 25 years to become one of the largest companies in the world. Through mergers with other companies, it has developed into a big company with presence in most parts of Europe and America. Currently, the company is on the verge of changing its operations in order to improve the performance of the company. Managing change is an important aspect of the organization in order for them to remain competitive by responding the market needs. The concept of organizational change and leadership management require a lot of concern since any mistake may lead to big losses (Styhre, 2002; Charlton & Andrew, 2004). Organizations operate in increasing competitive and chaotic global business environment and thus it should form a major focus of the business management. This is because there is enough evidence that about 70% of organizational changes fail to yield enough fruits as projected by the management (Burnes & Jackson, 2011). A properly structured organizational change should thus take full care of content, people, and process since they are the determinants of success or failure of such an initiative (Myungweon, 2011). Leaders are the formulators and implements of any organizational change; hence, they should be responsible for the success or failure of such initiatives (Aaron & Elizabeth, 2012). Leaders are also important to the change process since they create and develop an acceptance culture of change in the organization and develop the ability to achieve such as change as projected by the company (Northouse, 2012). Change Models Kotters 8 Steps The use of Kotters method is evident in the change undertaken by Biogen Idec Inc since they began their initial step of organizational change by conducting research and creating urgency for change. In this method, organization change can be effectively managed using a dynamic 8-step approach that includes increased urgency, building grid team s, get the right vision, communicate for a buy in, enable action, create a short term win, don’t let up, make it stick. The steps are further divided into three phases whereby the first phase is creating a climate change; the second phase is engaging and enabling the whole organization while the last step entails implementing and sustaining the change (Hayes, 2010). Creating urgency This is the first step of Kotters change model whereby he argues that creating urgency enables the members know what they really want and develop a sense of urgency around the need for change. In the case of Biogen Inc, the headquarters in Paris was responsible for all finance, legal, Human resources, and commercial activities of the organization, making the decisions slow and bureaucratic. The urgency created by the management is upon realization that this type of organizational structure is slowing decision making and at times leading to erroneous decisions. They thus needed a structural model t hat can quicken decision making of the managerial functions to avoid several errors that may inhibit the development of the company. Creating urgency helps spark the initial motivation of the workers so that they respond by getting things moving in the direction of change. It involves showing people the poor performance of the organization and increased competition that threatens the existence of the company. Kotter (2012) argues that about three quarters of the organization management needs to support the change initiative for it to be successful hence, the need for creating urgency must be very strong. Form a powerful coalition After the worker have seen the need for change, they need to work together to achieve these desired changes. This step involves convincing people that change is necessary and it encompasses strong governance and sustenance from individuals within the organization. In order to influence the process of change within the organi

Media and public relation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Media and public relation - Essay Example Inclusion of an organization in the definition of PR may result into a misunderstanding of what PR really entails thereby yielding confusion of linkage between PR and other communication modes advanced by an organization such as advertising. As such, it is important to note that unlike most of the other communication modes by organizations, PR does not require direct payments. In fact, this seemingly forms the basic distinction between PR and advertising in relation to advancing marketing communication. Additionally, the Primary goal of PR is to inform the publics thereby giving them a sense of the desired perspective towards the particular party in play. PR can be used in various different platforms such as business organizations and government related matters. Nevertheless, for this particular paper the focus will lie more on the factors affecting the historical development of PR in relation to two countries, Germany and the United States (US). The choice of these two countries is mainly based on the fact they are among the first pioneers of PR hence are at a better position of exploring much of the history attached to PR. Some of the factors considered to affect PR development range from cultural to political and the general development of the country among others. Modern PR plays numerous roles in favor of its users through persuasion and consequently getting the desired results. One of the most common applications of modern PR by different organizations is lobbying. Lobbying involves use of communication strategies to persuade the government to act in favor of the particular party in play. For example, an organization may write to a congress member seeking a vote against a certain bill that may impact negatively to the organization if it is passed. Such an action is considered lobbying since it expresses an opinion regarding to a particular legislation. Similarly, ancient communications have some traces of lobbying hence qualifying them as

In-Class Assisgnment #3 (Social Science) Assignment

In-Class Assisgnment #3 (Social Science) - Assignment Example In our case study, we are going to use the Historical research design in finding out the number and different communities that operate within the Diablo Valley College by collecting, reviewing and synthesizing evidence from the past by use of secondary sources and a selection of primary documentary evidence including official records, archives, reports and non-textual information including maps. This will help in deduction of the fact on the existing cultures in the scope of the study (Saunders 2005). The subculture operates in a form of groups based on defining characters such as value, dress and song and are classified into college subculture such as nonconformist, academic, vocational, collegiate and perpetual teenager. Nonconformist type of subculture is involved with the idea of being identified with the adult community in college. They have the value of respect from the junior students who enroll after them. Moreover, their mode of dressing is very formal in order to gain respect from the juniors and to serve as their role model. Vocational culture is characterized by little attachment to the college â€Å"where† students buy their education like groceries. These students are resistant to intellectual demands demand on them beyond what is required to pass the course. They dress luxury clothes and are associated with expensiveness. They are seriously involved in learning especially the activities nad courses connected directly to skills they require to have in order to pursue their career of choice. Collegiate subculture involves those college students that consumes most of the time in college and mostly commute in college hostels having all the campus fun with them. These students are always in books as they have all the time in school without any off college activities to distract them. Similar to academic culture students, this group works hard in college and most ends

Iran-Contra affair Essay Example for Free

Iran-Contra affair Essay The Iran-Contra affair was a US scandal that occurred in the mid 1980s under the leadership of President Ronald Reagan and vice president George bush. The scandal majorly involved two events. First, there was the sale of US arms to one of its main enemies, Iran and then the millions of dollars in profits derived from the arms deal were used to finance a clandestine operation rejected by congress, the financing of Nicaraguan guerrillas named the Contra. The Contra guerillas were opponents of the Nicaraguan’s Sandinista rebels who came to power after overthrowing Anastasio Somoza, the then leader of Nicaragua in the year 1979. The idea was to secure the release of American hostages held by the Hezbollah terrorists. This scandal prompted numerous investigations that led the indictment of US government officials. Indeed, many questions still linger on the minds of many concerning the role played by top US White House officials including President Reagan and the then vice president George Bush (TheFreeDictionary, 2009). This paper will discuss some of the dealings in the arms trade, stating their historical background, reasons behind the trade, the parties involved and its eventual outcome. The Contra Affair first received public attention in November 1986 after al-sharia, a Lebanese publication reported that the American government was involved in arms trade with Iran. Worse still, a Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) supply plane was shot down by the Nicaraguan forces. The only survivor was the pilot and he was captured. The plane was carrying, over 50 000 rounds of ammunition, Russian rifles and boots (Tristam, 2009). The confession of the pilot shocked the public indicating that the US government was involved in arming the contra rebels and also confirmed the earlier reports in the Lebanese publication. The irony was that President Ronald Reagan was on record as having numerously associated the Iran government with terrorism (TheFreeDictionary, 2009). Why Reagan supported the Sandinistas To Reagan, the victory of the Sandinista in Nicaragua was a major US security threat since he thought that it had the potential of sparking off a revolution in Central America (BBC News Channel, 2004). The fear could be traced back to 1954 when Jacobo Arbenz won the elections to become president of Guatemala. What alarmed the US government was his oratory which indicated that the US government was on the verge of losing its control in Central America. In 1979, the Sandinistas overthrew the Arbenz government and initiated communist reforms. This was in spite of the fact that in actual sense they never really defined themselves as communists but as pluralists. They began to reallocate estates and to redistribute wealth and this was enough to alarm the United States which became uncomfortable with having a communist state right in its backyard. Violence also erupted spreading to other countries and this was seen as an indication that communism could end up spreading to other countries in Central America (BBC News Channel, 2004). Reagan was alarmed by these developments and felt that he had to do whatever it took to stop this. Fortunately for him, other groups within Nicaragua began arming themselves against the policies initiated by the Sandinistas. Reagan’s hope then lay in equipping the rebels in an attempt to overthrow the Sandinistas government. At first he allocated the funds openly and even gave additional funds to the CIA to carry out his mission. However, the allocation of funds to the contras was opposed within the United States throwing his plans to the gutter. Ronald Reagan involvement with Iran Ronald Reagan was known to have publicly referred to Iran as one of the nations that both supported and financed terrorism in the world. It therefore seemed to be a stab in the back for US citizens when the world heard reports that the US was trading arms with its worst enemy. The entire situation could be traced back to the 1980 US presidential elections. These pitted the then president Jimmy Carter against the implicated Ronald Reagan. The period between the 1970s and 1980 was one characterized by numerous incidences of hostage taking. In the year 1979, fifty two workers of the US embassy in Iran were captured by Iranian students and held hostage. The US at the time proclaimed a ‘no- negotiation’ policy when dealing with terrorists. The then president Jimmy Carter failed to secure the release of these hostages (Absolute astronomy, 2009). During the elections, Jimmy Carter was slightly taking the lead and if only the US hostages held by the Hezbollah group had been released, it could have been a sure win for Carter. The release of the hostages then became the decisive factor on who would win the elections. This prompted the Reagan team to negotiate a release deal with Ayatollah Khomeini of Iran. This team met with the then prime minister of Iran Bani-sadr in Paris. The agreement reached was that the US hostages would remain captives until after the election and in extension of this favor, Iran would be supplied with weapons. At that time, Iran was at war with Iraq and the supply of weapons was absolutely welcomed. It therefore came to be that immediately after Reagan won the elections, the hostages were released (Angel Force, n. d). Arms transactions The US received special assistance from Israel to carry out the sale of arms to moderate Iranians opposed to Ayatollah Khomeni. Michael Ledeen and Robert McFarlane the then National Security Adviser managed to convince the Israeli government to ship arms to these politically influential Iranians in return for the same kind of weapons along with monetary benefits. Israel agreed but in the mean time Reagan was hospitalized for a colon cancer surgery. Later on, Israel tried to convince the United States to allow Israel to sell a few antitank missiles as an indication that the Iranian group had strong US ties. This offer was initially rejected but eventually Israel managed to convince Reagan that the group was an antiterrorist group. The group in return had promised to talk to the captor to release seven hostages, a proposal that Reagan readily consented to. The plan was later readjusted such that the arms were now to be sold directly to the Iranians at a marked up price of about 715 million dollars as suggested by North. This price was rejected but eventually over one thousand anti-tank missiles were shipped. The adjustments also included the financing of the contras contrary to the Boland Amendments that restricted the US administration and the CIA from financing the contras. (Absolute astronomy, 2009). The scandal blew up after Mehdi Hashemi a cleric with the Islamic revolutionary guards leaked information concerning the trade to Ash-Shiraa, a renowned Lebanese magazine. This together with the crashing of a CIA plane led to Reagan’s confession in the national television that the arms deal transactions had indeed taken place. His argument was that the trade had taken place in an attempt to forge better ties with Iran and to also to make Iran reconsider a negotiation for the release of held hostages (Absolute astronomy, 2009). Conclusion The Iran-Contra Scandal led to the sacking of numerous government officials including Oliver North who was sacked and also tried for the shredding of evidence (some say that the evidence was bulky enough to jam the government’s shredding machine. In his defense, North tried to link the case with the Vietnam War by arguing that the main issue in the affair was the actual financing of the contras (Isaacs, (1997). He also attempted to justify his action by saying that it fell within his powers. The president’s popularity ratings also dropped from a high of 67% to a low of 46%. Internationally, the scandal sent harmful signal to terror indicating that hostage taking could be used as a powerful means of coaxing political influence with the west (Absolute astronomy, 2009). References Absolute astronomy. (2009). Iran-Contra Affair. Retrieved on 28th March, 2009, from: http://www. absoluteastronomy. com/topics/Iran-Contra_Affair BBC News Channel. (2004). Reagan and the Iran-Contra affair. Retrieved on 30th March, 2009, from: http://news. bbc. co. uk/1/hi/world/americas/269619. stm Isaacs, A. (1997) Vietnam Shadows. Baltimore London: John Hopkins University Press. TheFreeDictionary. (2009). Iran-Contra Affair . Retrieved on 30th March, 2009, from: http://www. acc. af. mil/news/story. asp? id=123080422 Tristam, P. (2009). What Was the Arms-for-Hostages Iran-Contra Affair? Retrieved on 30th March, 2009, from: http://middleeast. about. com/od/usmideastpolicy/f/me081109f. htm Angel Force. (n. d). Iran-Contra. Retrieved on 30th March, 2009, from: http://www. angelfire. com/ca3/jphuck/BOOK3Ch7. html

Sources of Government Revenue in South Africa

Sources of Government Revenue in South Africa Topic Describe and explain sources of revenue for national, provincial and local spheres of government in South Africa. What are some of the ways in which government has encouraged the provincial and local spheres to generate additional sources of revenue to address the growing needs of communities? Introduction Revenue for South Africa is a massive task due to the corruption taking place. , all 3 spheres of government must work together to stop corruption. Since 2012 an anti corruption team has been set up to solve this issue. This assignment will focus on ways the government tries to encourage other speheres to generate their own income. In a more specific detail this assignment will focus on ways national government promote ways to generate income for provincial and local government. This is not an easy task and thus the challenges is also a main concern and will outline the challenges and possible solutions to overcome this. Solutions will be outlined in a detailed way to overcome the issues we are facing , the definitions of the terms as well as the Significance of the Study. This assignment will conclude the information gathered and what steps needs to be taking to achieve greater results. How does national government get income? Taxes collected are the main source of revenue of national government. 97,1% of revenue of national government was collected as tax. The main sources of tax for national government are taxes paid by individuals, taxes paid by businesses, value added tax and excises(statssa.gov) Taxes on income, profits and capital gains are attributed either to individuals or to businesses. These taxes are generally levied on wages, salaries, other compensation, interest, rent, capital gains, profits of businesses, and taxable portions of pension. The first type of tax and income for the government is Value-added tax(VAT) .VAT is a tax on goods and services collected in stages by enterprises but which is ultimately charged in full to the final purchaser. VAT is usually charged at 14% on consumers final goods and is included in the price you pay for most items such as food items , petrol ,etc. the second type of tax collected by the government is excises tax. Excises are taxes levied on particular products and may be imposed at any stage of production or distribution. Excise duties are imposed mostly on high-volume daily consumable products (e.g. alcohol and tobacco products) as well as certain non-essential or luxury items (e.g. electronic equipment and cosmetics). Administrative fees are also another income for government . administration fees are similar to user charges, but differ in the sense that the service (or benefit) received in return for the fee is defined rather broadly and imprecisely.Such fees include business licences, television licences, diamond export rights, fishing licences, and motor vehicle licences. The dreaded parking ticket and speeding fine can also be added to the list. Administrative fees and fines are insignificant sources of revenue. South Africa’s major source of income is borrowing and taking loans from other countries to sustain the economy and the needs of the citizens Government can borrow from its own citizens and from abroad. Borrowing is often used to finance capital expenditure. Borrowed funds must be repaid at some point and therefore amount to deferred taxes. Because lenders have to be adequately compensated for current consumption forgone, it is imperative that borrowed money should be spent on productive activities. Sometimes government uses borrowed funds  to finance current consumption, a practice that cannot always be defended on economic grounds.   Classification of taxes There are two types of taxes such as direct and indirect. below are the two types of taxes discussed and defined. Direct Taxation Direct taxes are imposed directly on individuals and companies (e.g. personal income  tax and company tax). This distinction fundamentally revolves around the issue of tax incidence  (i.e. the question of who really pays the tax). It would suffice to say that we simply cannot tell with certainty in advance what the outcome is going to be. The second type of tax is Indirect taxes .indirect taxes are taxes which are likely to be shifted and are imposed on commodities or market transactions. Examples are excise ditties and fuel levies. It is also more difficult to adjust the tax rate to the personal circumstances of the consumer. In the  case of indirect taxes it is often possible to shift the burden of the tax to someone else. There are various types of taxes which government collects revenue from. A primary source of wealth tax for the government is property tax. The property tax base can be defined very broadly to include real property (realty) and personal property (e.g. furniture, motor vehicles, shares, bonds, and bank deposits). Another important tax is the capital gains tax. Capital gains can be defined as increases in the net value of assets over a period (e.g.an accounting period or fiscal year).the most popular type of tax is the wealth tax .Income and consumption are flow concepts since both are measured over a period of time. Income consists of wages, rental income from property, interest on savings, dividends on shares, and so on. In contrast to income, wealth is a stock concept which is measured at a particular point in time. Acts and laws pertaining to national government revenue The main act with regard to national revenue is the Public finance management act.The Public Finance Management Act, 1999 (Act No. 1 of 1999) (as amended by Act No. 29 of 1999) The Act promotes the objective of good financial management in order to maximise service delivery through the effective and efficient use of the limited resources and focuses mainly on national and provincial spheres of government.(treasury.gov.za). the second and one of the most discussed about act is the National Revenue Fund . There is a National Revenue Fund into which all money received by the national government must be paid, except money reasonably excluded by an Act of Parliament. (sa constitution) How does the National budget effect other speheres of government The national budget plays a major role . each year the budget gets less for the community for goods and services. Our recent budget speech , more money will be spent on eskom rather than other essential needs of the community . with a limited budget , revenue will be hard to receive for other spheres and thus have to generate their own income How provincial government gets revenue Provinces have little revenue of their own but there is a process governed by the Division of Revenue Act as amended which enables a formula to be used so that provinces receive shares of revenue collected nationally. Provinces then have some discretion as to allocation of what they receive. government research in 2008 showed that Mpumalanga spent a lower percentage on health than did Western Cape as an example. The needs for the community is growing and with a limited budget and corruption in national government revenue for provinces becomes less each year. President zuma has now given more funds to eskom to settle the energy crisis thus making it less for other departments.(SONA). The only way now for provincial government to provide services is to get back to basics. In a recent interview with our provincial mayor, getting back to basics is a must.(daily news) . Kwa zulu natal relays mainly with tourism. 2014 has had the most tourism compared to any other year. Also each province relays on own source of revenue such as provincial taxes and fee ,license and fines. A government may expose taxes other than income tax ,etc. Durban also has one of the biggest harbours in the world and receives a lot from custom tax. Johanessburg has the biggest international airport in Africa also benefits a lot from foreigners for tourism. National government is also aiding provinces with grants due to the service deliver protest. Provinces still have little revenue of their own and are highly dependent on the national sources. It is fortunate that this is governed by legislation. The national government cannot discriminate against opposition controlled provinces such as WC now and KZN previously. There are also joint meetings between provinces and national government which look at issues like resource allocation. How does national government encourage revenue for provincial sphere One of the main ways provinces gets a share from national is the Financial and Fiscal Commission (FFC). The FFC is an independent body that is set up under the Constitution to advise government on the portion of revenue that should go to provincial and local government to subsidise services for poor people. But these funding are not adequate ,thus the provinces have to generate own source of income . generating income is not an easy task for the provinces as the unemployment rate is rising each year and citizens don’t have enough buying power or to support any fund raising activities. South Africa is known for the variety of sports we play and throughout the year there is various international and local events happening. Each province generate income through sports , generating income from the citizens via the sales of tickets ,etc. cricket ,soccer and rugby are the main sports in south Africa with a huge support of fans. South Africa is currently in the bid for the 2022 common wealth games which is to take place in Durban . This can contribute to a even higher revenue for that year for the province as over 20 countries participate in these games with tourism for all over the world. Conferences is also taking place in south Africa and Durban ICC remains positive, new destinations and Convention Centres are being developed throughout the world, which will result in even greater competition for conferences and events in the future. Each province also has a main attraction and highlight to attract visitors , example: Durban has the beautiful beaches , ushaka marine world and a diverse of cultures. Cape town has robben island , table mountain and the beautiful scenery. Johannesburg is the hub for film and tv casting , with tall skyscrapers and movie studios , as well as theme parks , shopping malls , and best airport in Africa. Laws and policies pertaining to provincial sphere to promote revenue and to provide services. One of the main laws which was recently passed was the Inter-governmental Relations Framework Act. It was passed to make sure that the principles in Chapter Three of the Constitution on cooperative government are implemented. The Act seeks to set up mechanisms to coordinate the work of all spheres of government in providing services, alleviating poverty and promoting development. (etu.org.za) Another structure in place is the Provincial Inter-governmental Structures. This act is about the relationships between the three spheres of government The Premier in each province is responsible for coordinating relationships between national, provincial and local government in the province. A Premier’s Inter-governmental Forum consists of the Premier, the local government MEC, other MECs, Metro and other mayors. (etu.org.za).National government also contributes by new laws which makes new business to open easier and funding if you follow the BBBEE, Act, 2013 (Act No. 46 of 2013). Broad- Based Black Economic Empowerment (B-BBEE) is a specific government policy to advance economic transformation and enhance the economic participation of black people in the South African economy.(seda.org.za) How local government gets revenue Municipalities get their revenue from three sources. First, they raise some of their own revenue by charging all people who own property such as land, houses and businesses rates based on the value of their property. The second way they raise revenue is by charging tariffs for services like water, electricity, refuse removal and the use of municipal facilities such as sports grounds. Some municipalities can generate a lot of revenue in this way, while poorer municipalities raise virtually nothing and are almost totally dependent on funding transfers from national government, which is the third source of revenue for municipalities. Municipalities also receive funding from national government in the form of conditional grants . (localgovernmentaction.org) Challenges for local government Local government relays more on taxes. There has been many challenges regarding taxes as more than 50 percent of south Africa lives in informal settlements and don’t pay taxes.In the past, municipalities have not spent all the money allocated to them through this grant due to a lack of capacity and the mismanagement of funds. During the 2010/11 financial year, for example, 272 municipalities in South Africa did not spend a quarter of what was available to them and some of this money had to be returned to Treasury. This has most certainly contributed to the slow pace at which municipalities are providing infrastructure for services. (localgovernmentaction.org) Although funding from national and provincial government are given to local government , many ward municipal managers do not do their jobs to monitor and evaluate the needs for the community thus from above funds was given back to the treasury. How does national government encourage revenue for local sphere National government encourages various ways to get income. First they offer many incentives in the form of money. These usually occur if they follow the BBBEE procedure. Secondly , fund raising take place , many NGOS often have fund raising schemes to help support a needy course or to fund problems in the area. NGO’s play a vital role and a big help to the government for providing goods and services to the community. Examples of NGO’S are â€Å"feed the babies fund†, and NORSA. Municipalities with the most clean audits also gets rewards. The link between national sphere , provincial sphere and local sphere The different spheres of government depend on each other for support in project implementation, and regular communication is essential. For example, when a municipality proposes the development of a new township in its Integrated Development Plan, health and education services have to be provided by provincial government. Water services have to be provided by national government, and finances for housing development have to be transferred from national to provincial government from where it goes to the housing developers approved by the municipality. Laws and policies pertaining to local sphere to promote revenue and to provide services. The first act is the Municipal systems act 32 of 2000 . It is a Framework for planning, performance management system, effective use of resources and organisational change. , it also provides Core principles and mechanisms and processes necessary for community participation. Chapter 4 of the Act deals with community participation and define the need for the development of community participation. Another act which relates to this is the Municipal Finance Management Act 56 of 2003. This act regulates budget and financial management practices in municipalities and Helps to maximise the capacity of municipalities to deliver services to all communities. Integrated development plan (IDP) The IDP is a 5 year plan by the government to eridacte poverty and to create jobs . Every municipality has to draw up an Integrated Development Plan (IDP). An Integrated Development Plan is a super plan for an area that gives an overall framework for development. It aims to co-ordinate the work of local and other spheres of government in a coherent plan to improve the quality of life for all the people living in an area. It should take into account the existing conditions and problems and resources available for development. The plan should look at economic and social development for the area as a whole Conclusion From the above discussion all spheres of government must work together to achieve greater results. They need to be inter related and distinctive. All the steps and polices must be implemented to achieve best results and a corruption free society and country. The national budget as we learnt also plays a vital role in the revenue for all 3 spheres of government. Ward councillor’s and mayors have a big task to maintain and improve conditions for society. There are many challenges which all spheres need to overcome in order to maintain a good service delivery to the community Reference page websites Polity.org.za,. Local Government: Municipal Finance Management Act (No. 56 Of 2003). N.p., 2015. Web. 19 Feb. 2015 Acts.co.za,. Municipal Finance Management Act, 2003 (Act No. 56 Of 2003). N.p., 2015. Web. 19 Feb. 2015. Etu.org.za,. Inter-Governmental Relations And Planning In Government. N.p., 2015. Web. 19 Feb. 2015. Parliament.gov.za,. N.p., 2015. Web. 19 Feb. 2015. Mogalecity.gov.za,. Mogale City. N.p., 2015. Web. 19 Feb. 2015. Tshwane.gov.za,. Home. N.p., 2015. Web. 19 Feb. 2015. Localgovernmentaction.org,. Municipal Budget | Local Government Action. N.p., 2015. Web. 20 Feb. 2015. Books moeti, kabelo. Public Finance Fundementals. 2nd ed. cape town: juta co, 2014. Print. Introduction to local government , 2nd ed. Cape town :juta Journals k, phago. Democracy In South Africa. Journal of Public Administration vol 49.3 (2014): n. pag. Print. Politeia :Department of Political Science and Public Administration, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa 0256-8845 Africanus Department of Development Administration and Politics, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa 0304-615X

TESCO Human Resources Management Company

TESCO Human Resources Management Company TESCO (Tesco translation of the Chinese mainland and Taiwan Tesco translation), a large British supermarket chain. It is currently the UKs largest retailer, is second only to Wal-Mart (USA), Carrefour (France) and Home Depot (USA), the worlds fourth largest supermarket group. TESCO supermarkets first started selling the food, and gradually extended to clothing, electrical appliances, customer financial services, Internet services and telecommunications services. As of February 2006, TESCOs turnover (52 weeks) reached 38.3 billion pounds. à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¢ TESCOs founder Jack Cohen, who in east London since 1919, a market selling food. TESCO The name first appeared in 1924, the first store opened in London in 1929. In 1947, the company listed on the London Stock Exchange. In 1948, the first self-service shops open for business, to date, it remains the city as a TESCO store (Metro) operations. Tesco was founded in 1919, is the UKs leading retailer, is one of the worlds top three retailers. Tesco in the world with more than 2,800 stores and distribution in 12 countries. Per week more than 3,000 million customers around the world to provide quality services. Tesco has become the annual sales of 46.6 billion pounds (about 712.98 billion yuan) of international retail enterprises in the world Fortune 500 ranking No. 59 and topped the Fortune magazine recently released 2006 the worlds most respected food and medicine shops and in 2006 Britains most respected local enterprises list of the first. Tesco for their customers monograph proud, Tesco in the world established the create value for customers to earn their lifelong trust the core concept, and the tireless efforts to provide customers with the necessary goods and services and put ourselves in aged people and others to treat customers and staff values. In 2004, Tesco entered China. Currently, Tescos has developed into a chain of hypermarkets in China with 48 stores, located in North China (including Beijing and Tianjin), East China (including Shanghai) and South China (including Guangzhou) three regions of the large retail chain TESCO first supermarket in 1956, opened in Essex County, said the house is transformed into a cinemas. First major supermarket was built in 1968, the location is West Sussex. In 1974, TESCO began selling gasoline, and in 1979 its annual turnover of over 1 billion pounds. In 1975, the first high-level department store opened. In 1997 the first large store (Extra) opened. In 1995, TESCO released his first card, and then expand its Internet services business. In the 1990s, it expanded its business to Europe, Ireland and East Asia. July 2001, TESCO began online in the United States food retail business. October 2003, began operating telecom services, including mobile phones and home phone services. August 2004, the official operation of broadband services. (B) TESCO strategy in China 1. China Market Research According to retail consultancy Retail Forward estimates made in 2005, the situation view, within the next four years, China is likely to more than Italy and France as the worlds fifth largest retail market. After all, in China is the worlds seventh-largest retail market after the United States, Japan, Britain, Germany, France and Italy. If current development of the country up to 13 million consumers and is growing the middle class is hard to ignore anyone. According to international consulting firm Bain Co. Predicts that by 2010 the number of Chinas middle class families will be based on the current San Francisco fan, overall spending will be more than 5 trillion. Retail Forward company specializes in the retail market Jingjixuejia Badi Luo also concluded that Chinas retail industry in the past five years, the annual growth rate of 7%, 5% higher than the U.S. growth rate. Market prospects can be seen. Tesco is mainly through the acquisition of Taiwans top new Tesco supermarket group officially entered the domestic market. Since then, Tescos operations in China, significantly speeding up. First, the use of the existing sales network Tesco, Tesco quickly completed in Northeast China, North China, East China market, the strategic layout, the shop in Beijing has also been identified and actively build and are expected to be officially opened in 2007 . Six months later, Tesco has started to look into the development of South China, and in April 2005, the official signing of Guangdong, which laid the foundation of its major expansion in South China, the foundation, the next step, Tesco will be mainly into the retail market in Shenzhen, the initial locations have been selected in Shenzhen Nanshan, new stores are also expected to be officially opened in 2007 signs that, Tesco is launching offensive to the Chinese market. In this regard, Tesco has made no secret of their ambitions, Tesco chief executive Lacey has more than once in public, revealed the attempt to catch up with Wal-Mart, Carrefour will. Tescos aim is to do the boss of Chinas retail industry. 2. Main ways Sourcing: Tesco in many countries have established procurement center, which makes Tesco the lowest cost to our customers around the world with cheap goods. In addition, we adopted the cooperation with local suppliers, and they share the Tesco experience in related industries and technologies. China is a can for our shops around the world to provide cheap products sourcing land. Tesco has been in China a lot of purchasing investments. We are sourcing from China worth about 11 billion of products in our stores in all global sales. As our business continues to grow, we expect this number be increased. Distribution: Our warehouse in Shanghai and set up a Commission (DC) and fresh Distribution Center (FFDC). Warehouse and distribution center systems have fresh through strict quality control procedures, advanced equipment and highly trained employees, customers continue to provide quality goods distribution. The logistics and distribution centers also contributed to the environment, so that delivery to each of the number of stores decreased from 100 times a day to only two to three times, thereby reducing traffic congestion. Supermarket operators: In 2004, we have adopted and then Tesco supermarket 25 Ting Hsin International Group to work together to enter the Chinese market. In 2006, we will hold shares from 50% to 90%. We are currently focused on the East China (including Shanghai), North China (including Beijing), South China (including Guangzhou) in these three regions continue to develop our business. In early 2008, we completed all the stores in the countrys image rectification, the existing store was renamed Tesco Tesco. As of the end of May 2008, we have 56 supermarkets in China, hypermarkets, is committed to provide customers with a shopping trip. (C) edge 1. Tescos confidence stems from its main business excels on the Of Tesco, the most proud of is the relationship with customers very well handled, and this is the main source of confidence in Tesco all. Over the years, to provide customers with more quality products and services business growth has been the key to Tesco. Tesco, wrote in the brochure: Our core philosophy is to create enough value for customers, to win the trust of their life. 2. Tesco praised another feature is its promotion of thriving e-commerce Tesco has now become the worlds largest network of supermarket business, its online store orders received each week up to 15 million, need to mobilize 1,000 trucks to placing an in the hands of these goods. Today, Tesco is on its successful experience in promoting e-commerce to open up their markets to any one, I believe the near future, Chinese consumers will also benefit from the crowded supermarket suppressing nausea and narrow the total liberation of the shopping channel out, replaced by a fresh and fast, and highly personalized online orders, the goods sent home immediately. 3. Tesco there is a big difference between its own brand has many Tesco to sell their original is a baked bread and other foods supermarket started, and now it is home to many of the production of goods placed on the supermarket shelves for reference by the customer to buy. So far, Tesco has been gradually introduced in supermarkets in Tesco than 400 own-brand goods in the next five or six years, the number of these proprietary brands are expected to grow to 3,000 species of -4000 species. 4. Tescos other big surprise move is to choose to open up overseas markets in the form of supermarkets As we all know, Tesco began to move out of their own country If we can not, a hypermarket, supermarket are all small and flexible to supermarkets in the form of special in a strange success of the overseas market has become a big unknown. To the Chinese market as an example. China seems all supermarkets are carved out of a mold, we are imitating each other, a high degree of homogeneity. Even so, Tecso still believes he can achieve excellent results. Because Tecso believe that, although models can copy, but the competition between enterprises, the total number of quality is difficult to copy, these unique qualities to become Tescos advantage. Second, human resources management (A) TESCO core concept Advocating people-oriented, our success is inseparable from the customer support and our employees. TESCO only customer satisfaction, goods and services provided, they will care again. Only employees feel their pay can be paid off, they will redouble their efforts to provide customers with even better service. Our philosophy is to create value for customers to earn their lifelong trust. We hope they will become repeat customers, often care for our supermarket. Our values reflected in how we treat our customers and employees: We put ourselves in, appreciate others. (B) Career development In one of the worlds top three retailers TESCO Group, each employee has the full freedom and career development opportunities. We respect each employees personal interests, talents, and enthusiasm. Staff are encouraged to pay their posts beyond the self and progress. The career development of creative ways to help employees to be experts in their fields, and continuously provide customers with more excellent services, but also determine our leading position in the retail business. Put ourselves in, the core values of Reciprocity is TESCO is the company to employees Connaught, to respect every employee, access to competent help, have an interesting work, self-development opportunities. (C) a professional HR team Excellent staff is to ensure that the key to the successful development of TESCO in China, I attract and retain the best talent, the company formed a team of professional human resources. From the head office, regional headquarters until every one of our stores, has a professional HR staff across the country in time for our nearly 18,000 employees service; in terms of functions, our human resources team is divided into recruitment, employee relations, compensation and benefits , training and development and organizational structure design, and to the company and employees to ensure that we provide more professional and better service. Our recruiting team gathered a group of rich experience in human resources professionals. (Iv) the recruitment and hiring procedures The company will pass a written, interviews and a series of screening and assessment process confirmed that the last hiring of qualified personnel. After being hired by the authorized officer shall report on relevant information to the personnel department to carry coverage for the entry procedures; same time the company will organize orientation for new employees to staff a more accurate understanding of TESCO. Third, the revelation As an international enterprise, not only to communicate with the staff concerned, but the idea of including human resource management, training, assessment leading all-round. As we all know, the international business worlds most powerful contemporary carrier has also been recognized as the competitive ability of a country marked an important symbol. Era of knowledge economy to international enterprises with an unprecedented opportunity for development with the same time bringing more challenges. When a company truly entered the international stage, despite all basic human resource management activity is still retained, but they form a complex. TESCO overall business strategy in order to achieve objectives, to be more effective, access, distribution and use of human resources. 1. Emphasis on human resource management theory of TESCO is emphasis on human resource management theories, guiding it as the basis for human resource management practices. From the economic man, social and self-realization and complicated man hypothesis of human nature to the hierarchy of needs theory, two-factor theory, Expectancy Theory, equity theory, Reinforcement Theory and other incentive theory; from the piecework to employee stock ownership plan ; from the Assessment Center to 360-degree performance appraisal method ; from the human resources theory to the human capital theory, human resources, strategic theory, and so no one does not reflect the United States Theoretical Studies of human resources management attention, and as such, so we can see that both the human resource management theory and practice of human resource management, TESCOs business are in the forefront of the world. 2. Human resource management and corporate culture is consistent Culture is individualism, heroism, and the three characteristics of rationalism. These characteristics reflected in the corporate culture is the pursuit of independence, freedom, the adventure competition, relying on legal regulations, self-centered and so on. TESCO Human Resources Management in the free movement of employees, emphasizing the evaluation capacity, promoted rapidly, encouraging innovation and competitive performance of Deng Deng features are closely linked to its corporate culture. TESCO Enterprises as deeply rooted in human resource management in its corporate culture, soil, therefore, TESCOs corporate human resources management a competitive advantage for their businesses an important guarantee. 3. Human resources management with the times With the political, economic, cultural, etc. continues to evolve, the living environment are constantly changing, to corresponding, TESCO Human Resources Management is also developing with the times and continue to develop. 4. Focus on the country to learn it Although TESCO Human Resources Management in a leading position in the world, but it does not rest on its laurels, but also pay attention to other countries to learn some advanced, its useful. 5. Human resources management strategy become an important component of strategic management Levin and U.S. management scholars Mitchell (Lewin Michell, 1995) pointed out that human resource management with strategy and business strategy can help enterprises to increase the use of market opportunities, improve internal organizational advantages, to help companies achieve their strategic goals. Business strategy can be divided into corporate strategy and business level strategy, TESCO Human resources management strategy is based on corporate strategy and business strategy development and business level consistent basis, through human resources management to improve enterprise performance, enterprise strategic goals, to play the strategic role of human resources management. Human Resource Management is a management function from a purely business into a strategic partnership, human resource management practices of recruitment, motivation, evaluation, compensation, training, etc., have become businesses gain a competitive advantage and achieve overall business objectives and ef fective way. In addition to human resources management of things, taking into account the employees of shareholders, customers, other businesses, governments and other stakeholders, the balance of interests. 6. Open recruitment, scientific election contract by contract before the formation of the employment relationship Enterprise managers and employees are the social and professional, freely mobile, decided to hire or dismissal under the contract. Enterprises and the employment relationship between employees, contract by contract to form the one hand, a clear interest, it also provides more mobility for employees opportunities. Enterprises have vacancies to be advertised publicly, they are considered open and public-oriented recruitment advertising is the most effective means of recruitment advertisements can also open before the election to expand the scope of enterprises, while job-seekers face of all vacancies to compete. Fully embodies the principle of equality. The requirements of business-to-recruit employees in addition attention Zhiweis requirements, also focus on interpersonal skills Hu Zhi Ye Jin Quxin. When companies in the recruitment of employees generally need to experience: (l) advertised; (2) candidates to submit a job application report; (3) According to preliminary data of the app licant and the first test screening; (4) to include those who pass the first test criminal record and the original work of the review; (5) to include those who pass the first test of knowledge, abilities, interests and occupational tests; (6) Interview; (7) to interview those who pass a comprehensive evaluation. Choose the best and a series of steps. (A) the status of human resource management and strategic positioning in the highly International human resource management point of departure in order to match business objectives of the strategic development, first by establishing a common set of corporate management, in line with the interests of all internal and external, are the entire staff agreed with the strategic goals of enterprise development and corporate vision basis. With the economy to the breadth, depth, enterprise demand for high quality talent will become urgent. (B) the development of human resource management was the development of three-dimensional TESCO, the career development of staff is not in the traditional sense to the post of promotion. Through the introduction of constructive human resource management mechanism, and constantly challenging the work of the employees; job enrichment; work rotation; human resources planning. (C) focus on corporate culture and team building TESCO staff of the enterprise culture as the companys valuable asset. Enterprises should cooperate in good faith with the staff to create the companys value, and create staff development opportunities in the enterprise, efforts to train staff of the enterprise sense of belonging, the personal development linked with the fate of the company.

DeVere or William Shakespeare? Essay -- Biography Biographies Essays

DeVere or Shakespeare?      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Abstract:   The debate over the legitimacy of the authorship of Shakespearean works has been disputed for centuries. While many scholars have held beliefs that Shakespeare's works have been written by figures such as Christopher Marlowe, Francis Bacon, William Stanley, and others, the most heated debate today is between William Shakespeare and Edward DeVere, the Earl of Oxford. Each side of this debate has many followers, the Stratfordians, or those who claim Shakespeare to be the true author, and the Oxfordians who believe that true credit should go to DeVere. My paper, far from being a complete analysis of the possibilities of Shakespearean authorship, attempts to summarize and rationalize the arguments of these two groups. It would be impossible to include all arguments and evidence in a paper such as this. Full books have been written on aspects of the debate I will not even mention, or may just barely touch on. Hopefully after reading this paper, however, you will have a little better understanding of the debate of authorship. As I am not in any respect a scholar on the subject I shall not attempt to make a conclusion as to which of these men is the author, but rather to inform and explain the many arguments on both sides of this debate in the hopes that the reader can learn a little more about the ongoing debate and form an opinion of his or her own.    In countries all over the globe the name William Shakespeare brings to mind literary genius, a character so famed in eloquence and creativity that none other comes close to him in prestige. Yet for centuries scholars, students and readers have argued a very fundamental question: whether or not the plays and poems attribute to William... ...rpose-to designate a penname without confusion (Whalen 32). * Principal actors in the plays of Shakespeare's First Folio included Jon Heminge,Henry Condell and Richard Burbage, the same three who were in the late edition to Shakesperes will (Whalen 51). * Oxford was said to be an excellent playwright, yet no plays written under his name were ever found (Whalen 127).      Works Cited "A Beginners Guide to the Shakespeare Authorship Problem." Online. 31 October 1999. Available http: www.shakespeare-oxford.com/guide/htm. Kathman, Dave and Tom Reedy. "How we know the Shakespeare wrote Shakespeare: The Historical Facts." Online. 2 November 1999. Available http: www.clark.net/pub/tross/ws/howdowe.html. Michell, John. Who Wrote Shakespeare? London: Thames and Hudson, 1996. Whalen, Richard F. Shakespeare-Who Was He? Westport:Praeger, 1994.

Agency essay for email :: Business Management Studies

Agency essay for email Text Box: The Client/Agency Relationship Prestige Nursing & MKH Advertising What are marketing and advertising agencies The purpose of this report is to evaluate the relationship Prestige has with its marketing agency MKH Advertising. There are 4 basic types of agency:  · Full Service Agencies who carry out the full range of advertising & marketing activities for clients  · Media Independents who specialize in buying media space  · Creative Specialists who focus on developing creative ideas  · Production Specialists who specialize in producing work in a certain format or medium MKH is a large agency offering a full range of advertising-related services. They assist in planning and executing advertising programmes and in all stages of the marketing and advertising process to assist Prestige in getting the best from their advertising by providing Prestige with the services of skilled & specialist individuals. The core services MKH provides for Prestige are creating ideas for campaigns and selecting and buying the media in which they will appear. MKH are also able to advise on marketing strategy, public relations and integrated advertising campaigns involving above and below the line media buying. Their staff include an account manager, artists, writers, media analysts, researchers, and others with special skills, knowledge and experience that can help market Prestige’s services. Why Prestige uses MKH  · They are communication specialists who understand integrated marketing communications and the consumer buying process.  · MKH provides an objective viewpoint of the market, enabling Prestige to achieve advertising objectivity & to maintain an independent and unbiased view of the marketplace.  · Have an extensive range of experience of the healthcare advertising industry & have worked on the accounts of our competitors, therefore giving an insight into the industry and possibly the competition.  · Have the experiences and contacts to put the Prestige business ahead in the marketing communications field by effectively engaging and informing companies’ customers about the services or products.  · Enables Prestige to stand apart from the competition by retaining corporate identity reminding customers reminded of the services  · Helps Prestige business reach its marketing goals.  · Helps strategically position Prestige services in the market  · Generates revenue by building awareness of their product or service and therefore increasing sales. Key personnel & their roles in the MKH/Prestige relationship. MKH employs hundreds of people but the roles & departments within MKH cover the same basic job functions as most other full service agencies, each performing various advertising functions such as;  · Marketing  · Communications  · Promotions services (planning, creating and producing the

cliques :: essays research papers

The purpose of my speech is to persuade that schools do not do enough to prevent harassment of other students. I.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the movies you always see the big jock shoving the little dorky kid into a locker or pushing his head into a toilet. This doesn’t just happen in the movies, it can be a reality. A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  From recent statistics shown, 1 out of 4 kids have been or are being bullied, yet 1 out of 5 kids have said they have been a bully to someone. 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It’s hard to believe but 100,000 students carry a gun to school. I think that’s so disappointing for today’s youth that they have to carry a gun to feel safe. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It’s not always students getting bullied; teachers are also assaulted, robbed, and etc. B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  People who are bullies know right away who to pick on. 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  They are usually kids with not many friends also known as loners. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Many people who are handicapped, mentally or physically are chosen to be harassed. C.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Teenage girls belonging to cliques can be very cruel if your appearance isn’t as stylish or trendy as they see fit. The girls will use insults, gossiping, rejection, or even spreading rumors. 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The self-esteem of the victims declines decreasingly low, making them think they are inferior. II.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ronald Stephens, from the National School Safety Center says, â€Å"A lot of administrators don’t want a paper trail, it’s a fear of litigation and a reluctance to look bad.† A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Some schools just ignore the fact that bullying is going on in the school. B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many parents have taken legal action because of the administrators who have done nothing about their harassment issues. III.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Export Pennsylvania, Christina, a 7th grader was riding the bus home from school when two girls tried to light her hair on fire. A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The school officials were contacted by Christina’s mother who reported the attack, yet the girls continued to harass Christina and her classmate Jessica. 1. They would shove and hit the girls in the halls, while the school still refused to do anything about the situation. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The advice Christina and Jessica got from their Vice Principal was to keep a low profile until the bullies moved on to someone new. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I think the Vice Principal has underestimated the magnititude of the situation. B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It didn’t stop there though. The two girls had to be sent home because the school said they couldn’t guarantee their safety. 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The school board eventually got the girls a school aide to escort them to their classes.

Documentary films Essay

Documentary films have paved way to show the reality of life. More often than not, it provides awareness of the present situation that was not addressed accurately in films and television shows alike. Documentary, like other discourses of the real, retains a vestigial responsibility to describe and interpret the world of collective experience, a responsibility that is no small matter at all (Nichols, 1991 p. 10). In making a documentary film concerning the community life in a distant foreign country, several issues would need to be addressed. The first thing that we need to discuss is the culture of the people living in that place. It would be an important factor as it tells a lot about the people and the place itself. Its history would generally be included in determining how the culture came about. Social norms and practices should also thoroughly discuss to identify the difference and uniqueness of their society. Furthermore, the documentation should explore the different beliefs of the people and how it affects the way they live and how their society copes up with modernization. The main focus of the documentary is how the culture and beliefs would affect the health of the people in that certain area. It would thoroughly explore the different misconceptions and traditional health management that these people have. This is a critical issue to discuss because it may directly or indirectly affect their socio-economic progress and their lifestyle. If by chance, the documentary could discover the need to re-educate the people regarding their health beliefs and fallacy, then proper authority should be inform. This is to insure that people would have the opportunity and the appropriate resources to improve their knowledge as regards to their health condition. REFERENCES Nichols, B. (1991), Representing Reality: Issues and Concepts in Documentary, Indiana University Press, p. 10

So often people associate with others in terms of status and call them friends

A fighter always believes in you even when you ar passing play through tough time and your own sense of security and dominance has been torn obscure. He is your best and conquer critic and he shows you a course of instruction to a higher self-importance by existence on that point in generation of crisis even when others have deserted you emerge of their selfish motives.Ivan sit down alone in the playground witnessing low. He had failed the testing and it was like a reality obstruct that he had been evading since long. He did see it coming, plainly his evasive tendencies had stretched him too far this time. He sat in that respect remembering how David had tested to warn him about the consequences and how he had ridiculed him in front of everyone.His life was falling apart because the friends the associated with were busy partying and had no time for him now. weeping swelled up in his eye as he sat there in the realization of his mistakes when he mat a hand on his shoulders. David stood there looking gently at him. maculation he expected an expression of righteousness, there was just a benevolent smile.David sat down and shared with him how he had at rest(p) through a similar configuration earlier and so he had tangle a sense of responsibility in guiding him. He shared with him his acquire and Ivan could see the remedial actions he call for to take now. True, it was a setback just David made him see it was just a stepping stone to a better self and that this was non the end of the world. He began to feel better and could now recognise what it meant to be a friend to someone.A friend is not one who always hangs around with you as long as his own interests ensure with you just now one who is there to spend you even when things are not going well with you.He may not be always present by your gradient and may not lead you to a false sense of security but instead he is the one who pull up stakes have a bun in the oven by you and he lp be a better person, even if that operator being critical of your actions when required.So often mess associate with others in terms of condition and call them friends. But they are the beginning(a) one to turn their backs in times of crisis. A friend will stand by your side then and without being judgemental will guide you to a better self.

Donny Is My Leader

Donny is going to cause attack logical and for battery.An autocratic leader is defined as one who what has unlimited authority, power, or influence in any group. Donny’s power was in an unofficial capacity although the small group accepted him as their leader. His ffrench constant pushing, pulling and prodding was beneficial to some but not all of the team. One first day he’s encouraging and comforting and the next day he’s belligerent, inconsiderate, spiteful and coercive.He moved into a less real position with the business.Every leader has his or her strengths and weaknesses. Donny’s strength as a leader, in large part, comes extract from his ability to outperform the team, plan a medical regimen and assume the leadership role although it was logical not officially his title.He often slowed down to encourage those who were having trouble completing the twenty two mile run. His actions are in line with the consideration leadership style.

wired And there was Donny Yingst.Donny’s weaknesses were of the coercive nature.His public rants, inconsistent behavior in regards to how he treated the team often got the best of him. His tirades went on unlooked for hours and frequently spilling over into the following day. sexual Aggressiveness is a like a double edged sword.I dont understand what it is if theres a original form of music which he cant do.Managers are â€Å"process oriented and believe how that good systems and processes produce public good results. † Donny’s management style was task oriented. He believed in taking certain calculated steps to achieve their goals. In particular, he took that approach start with Troy.

Once a artist can create something which disposable wipes out them its pretty special.While he how was out Herb led the group. Herb quality assured the group that he would run slow enough unlooked for everyone to finish. The difference between Donny logical and Herb became apparent. Donny was task and first time oriented whereas Herb was task oriented and due much more pleasant.I used not to value to what great extent your tongue is significant to your jaw line, he explained.Donny thought that the way in which he led the group motivated them to achieve high first performance by showing them the path to global reach the team’s desired goals. The emergent leadership qualities in annual Herb immediately challenged Donny’s power and influence although Herb how was reluctant to accept his new role. Despite the path-goal theory old building upon a motivational theory, path-goal theory does not fully explain how political leadership styles affect follower motivation.Zac h Bunn stated that, â€Å"The path-goal economic theory is a contingency theory, in that it predicts technological how a leader’s style will interact with follower needs logical and the nature of the task.

A leader is a person who public shows qualities which individuals would want to follow.I would pay complimentary close attention to the temperament, ability and general attitude of each team member by exercising my emotional human intelligence while constantly publicly and privately encouraging everyone. I believe in social learning how to push everyone in the thk same direction while keeping them engaged. My double negative feedback would not be public. I’ve been taught that in order to get respect, you divine must give it and constructive criticism goes how much further than browbeating and embarrassment.Every boss has weaknesses logical and their strengths.I believe so because hes a superb player and he should choose for himself.

Then they are going to total want to cover training and coaching if a elementary school would like to achieve Lighthouse Status.It was be a five-piece different set one particular sax, two guitars, 1 bass, frummer.We fathers might be an insecure bunch.Contracts unlooked for the selling.

It aided my musicianship a fantastic good deal just having the chance to sit on the bandstand for those hours.Thank you unlooked for taking the opportunity to pay a trip.Explain with factual logical and individual relations.Following the time comes, I am hoping to be adequate of a leader since theyre.

It is not.He doesnt great need to be detached.Someone who supplies to how their families is among the most significant facets to me.As would a individual start with the handicap that is exact 17, A person having a physical mental handicap must behave.

A Night at the Opera

A iniquity at the opera digest musical theme A iniquity at the opera is a 1935 Ameri fire prank take aim star the Marx familiars. Groucho Marx, Chico Marx and Harpo Marx. The Marx brothers entrance on harlequinade end understood be seen in todays deals. in that respect is truly nigh comedians that create invariably had as immense a unchanging puzzle out or been as well-known(a) as they are. It is abruptly staggering that afterward oer 70 days, it mollify portrays the equivalent bar of fun and laugh in unexampled viewers as it did when the charge was prototypic distri scarceed.The quarrel of their comedy has non numb any show up time, aspects of Marx brother mentality feces be ensnare end-to-end sit-coms, movies, comedic acts and particularly toons. I fork over been a considerable cull out of the raise called I cut Lucy since I was most 7 years old, but I neer knew that the Marx brothers had much(prenominal)(prenominal) an fin d out on the instal and that they ground a bevy of thither comedy scenes from the Marx brothers, and Harpo had in reality feature in sensation of their episodes as well. In the film A darkness at the opera they fuck kill a vocalizer produce calling Ricardo Baroni, and in the sight of I beget it off Lucy her husbans pee is Ricky Ricardo.I tang as if since A night at the opera house play such a large allure on their commemorate that perhaps they were stressful to place that name in there as some oddball of grant to them and their film. I as well as have seen many another(prenominal) scenes in the cartoon tomcat and Jerry that draw in in in concert from the Marx brothers. This is sightly proofread that from Grouchos wisecracking countersign play, Chico conning every soulfulness he can when he has the chance, to the government agency Harpos doesnt express and candidly comes off rightfully mute founded. in that respect good sense of pique is pere nnial and ever lead be a square(a) classic.